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References: directors' liability in bankruptcy (Section 2:248 DCC)

Introduction

This page contains the 485 decisions on Section 2:248 DCC collected and read for the article on liability after bankruptcy, and serves as its source accountability. The decisions are grouped by outcome and each is accompanied by a short summary and the legal issues addressed (B1-B8). Decisions published after that cohort are set out in a separate addendum at the foot of this page. The wider framework is set out on the page directors' liability, and the cassation case law on the page directors' liability in cassation.

The legal issues correspond to the following themes: B1 (manifestly improper management), B2 (statutory presumption of proof), B3 (rebuttal of the presumption of proof), B4 (exculpation), B5 (mitigation), B6 (causation), B7 (bankruptcy deficit), B8 (procedural matters).

Leading cases (18)

  1. ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2015:800, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2015-02-11, The decision formulates a fundamental framework for directors' liability in the case of turbo-liquidation (Section 2:19(4) DCC): the omission of liquidation coupled with an incorrect statement that there are no asset... (Legal issues: B2, B3, B6, B8)
  2. ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2015:602, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2015-03-24, Proceedings after referral back by the Supreme Court of 1 November 2013 (ECLI:NL:HR:2013:1079). Contains important considerations on: (1) the assessment of 'insignificant default' as a body-level test (not individually per director (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  3. ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2015:2480, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2015-03-25, Important decision on the scope of the concept of 'de facto policymaker' under Section 2:248(7) DCC: the court holds explicitly that complete setting-aside of the formal director is not (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  4. ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2015:1846, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2015-07-02, The judgment has been extensively annotated (JOR, JIN, NJF) and concerns the fundamental question whether a claim under Section 2:248 DCC can qualify as an 'asset' so as to allow a bankruptcy to be declared after turbo-liquidation (Legal issues: B2, B3, B6, B8)
  5. ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2016:5790, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2016-09-14, Important considerations on the applicability of Section 6:89 DCC (duty to complain) to claims based on Section 2:9 DCC (improper management) and Section 6:162 DCC (tort). The court formu... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B7, B8)
  6. ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2016:5763, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2016-09-14, Extensive and fundamental assessment of the commencement of the limitation period for claims under Section 2:138 DCC, in particular the question whether the statutory presumption of proof in paragraph 2 (breach of the publication obligation) leads (Legal issues: B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  7. ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2017:2551, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2017-06-27, The judgment provides an important clarification of the concept of 'de facto policymaker' in Section 2:248(7) DCC. The court of appeal addresses the situation in which the co-policymaker imposes his will on the management board (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  8. ECLI:NL:HR:2020:1016, Supreme Court, 2020-06-05, The Supreme Court rules on the relationship between the 2012 Trustees' Guarantee Scheme (Section 2:248(10) DCC) and the closure of the bankruptcy for lack of assets (Section 16 Fw). The decision (Legal issues: B2, B3, B8)
  9. ECLI:NL:HR:2020:1246, Supreme Court, 2020-07-10, The judgment clarifies that where a trustee in bankruptcy brings a subsidiary claim in tort (Section 6:162 DCC) against a legal-entity director, while also relying on Section 2:1... (Legal issues: B8)
  10. ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:1445, District Court of Overijssel, 2021-03-24, On the basis of a systematic and teleological interpretation of the statute, the court formulates a detailed exculpation criterion for Section 2:248(3) DCC, expressly aligning it with the legislative history (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  11. ECLI:NL:HR:2021:1099, Supreme Court, 2021-07-09, The Supreme Court clarifies that the statutory presumption of proof in Section 2:248(2) DCC can also be rebutted by pointing to acts of a (co-)director that do not in themselves constitute manifestly improper m... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  12. ECLI:NL:GHARL:2022:3009, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2022-04-19, The court of appeal qualifies the rule from Supreme Court Den Toom/De Kreek (Supreme Court 7-9-1990) that a claim under Section 2:248 DCC is not transferable. The court holds that, once the order has become irrevocable, the ratio... (Legal issues: B7, B8)
  13. ECLI:NL:HR:2022:691, Supreme Court, 2022-05-13, The Supreme Court expressly confirms that the grounds for mitigation in Section 2:248(4), first sentence, DCC are exhaustively enumerated, on the basis both of the statutory text and the parliamentary history. This is a fundamental point (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  14. ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:11471, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-12-28, Fundamental considerations on the interplay between Section 843a DCCP and Article 6 ECHR (equality of arms) in directors' liability cases: directors held liable on the basis of records... (Legal issues: B8)
  15. ECLI:NL:HR:2023:445, Supreme Court, 2023-03-24, The Supreme Court gives, for the first time, a substantive interpretation of the concept of 'de facto policymaker' in Section 2:248(7) DCC. It holds that the phrase 'de facto setting-aside of the formal m... (Legal issues: B1, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  16. ECLI:NL:HR:2023:635, Supreme Court, 2023-04-21, Clarifies that the grounds for mitigation in Section 2:248(4), first sentence, DCC are exhaustively enumerated (nature/seriousness, other causes, manner of winding-up). Confirms that 'modest remuneration' is not an independent... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7)
  17. ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2024:4662, District Court of Amsterdam, 2024-07-24, Important decision on the qualification of an indirect director of a foreign management company as a de facto policymaker under Section 2:248(7) DCC, thereby [applying] the My Guide judgment (Supreme Court (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  18. ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2025:1350, District Court of Gelderland, 2025-02-12, The court holds explicitly that the 'de facto policymaker' standard of Section 2:138/2:248(7) DCC does not apply to a claim based on Section 6:162 DCC, because that provision - a... (Legal issues: B8)

Granted (123)

  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2015:461, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2015-01-14, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the (indirect) director of six bankrupt companies (an earthmoving, road and hydraulic engineering firm) liable on the basis of Section 2:... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2015:1970, District Court of The Hague, 2015-02-24, O'Neill Europe B.V. petitions for the bankruptcy of All4watersport B.V., which ceased to exist through turbo-liquidation after the petition had been filed... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2015:2197, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2015-05-26, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Stichting Urban Organism 2009 holds the indirect director [appellant] liable on the basis of Section 2:9 DCC for improper... (Legal issues: B1, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2015:3821, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2015-06-09, The trustee in bankruptcy of Exiton B.V. holds the (indirect) director liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC. The presumption of proof in paragraph 2 was triggered by exceed... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2015:6241, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2015-09-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt training company [bedrijf 1] holds the directors [gedaagde sub 1] (CFO) and [gedaagde sub 2] liable on the basis of ... (Legal issues: B1, B4, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2015:10621, District Court of The Hague, 2015-09-09, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [Q] B.V. holds director [A] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly improper management, consisting of late ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2015:4729, District Court of Overijssel, 2015-10-07, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt installation company [A] B.V. holds two successive indirect directors liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC. Direct... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:PHR:2015:2221, Advocate General at the Supreme Court, 2015-10-23, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the indirect director of [A] B.V. liable under Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly improper management, all annual account... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2015:5620, District Court of Overijssel, 2015-12-09, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt IJK Totaal Onderhoud B.V. holds the indirect director (defendant 1/the father), his son (defendant 2, de facto policyma... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2016:885, District Court of Overijssel, 2016-03-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Powertech Projects & Contracts B.V. holds indirect director [X] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2016:8601, District Court of The Hague, 2016-04-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt construction and demolition firm claims directors' liability against director [gedaagde] on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2016:2709, District Court of Gelderland, 2016-05-18, The trustee in bankruptcy of DON B.V. (a temporary employment agency) holds the directors liable under Section 2:248 DCC because DON B.V. transferred its entire business (goodwill, client base... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2016:3290, District Court of Gelderland, 2016-05-25, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the formal indirect director of a packaging company which, after transfer to a de facto direct... (Legal issues: B1, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:HR:2016:1507, Supreme Court, 2016-07-08, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Het Zorgbureau Twente B.V. holds the directors (a holding company, two B.V.s and two natural persons) liable on the basis of ... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2016:9852, District Court of The Hague, 2016-07-27, The trustee in bankruptcy of temporary employment agency [X] B.V. holds sole director/shareholder [A] liable under Section 2:248 DCC. [A] failed for years to keep proper ... (Legal issues: B1, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2016:9089, District Court of The Hague, 2016-08-03, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of parent company Wensholt and its ultimate director/shareholder for the bankruptcies of tw... (Legal issues: B1, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2016:7226, District Court of Rotterdam, 2016-09-07, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the indirect directors of jobcoaching organisation PWG Jobcoaching B.V. jointly and severally liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of Sect... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2016:4034, District Court of Overijssel, 2016-10-05, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [A] claims from former director/shareholder [gedaagde] repayment of a loan of €124,573.25 and the bankrupt... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2016:5916, District Court of Gelderland, 2016-10-05, A manufacturing business (production of trailers/semi-trailers, sale of chalets) is, through dividend distributions totalling €1.5 million and €... (Legal issues: B1, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2016:5524, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2016-10-12, Director/shareholder [gedaagde sub 1] withdraws assets (staff, lorries, clients) from a transport company with substantial... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2016:8317, District Court of Rotterdam, 2016-10-19, Damages-assessment proceedings following an earlier judgment (2012) in which the indirect director was held liable under Section 2:248 DCC for breach ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2016:8662, District Court of Rotterdam, 2016-11-09, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC against four (indirect) directors of a bankrupt wholesaler in foodstuffs. Fo... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2017:825, District Court of The Hague, 2017-02-01, Heirs of a director-major shareholder (DGA) of the bankrupt DF Nederland B.V. were ordered by default to pay the bankruptcy deficit after their lawyer... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2017:5316, District Court of Overijssel, 2017-02-08, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Nowa Wies B.V. (operation of apartment rights for a sex establishment) claims directors' liability from the found... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2017:10947, District Court of Rotterdam, 2017-04-14, The claimant seeks payment of outstanding invoices of the dissolved company [naam bedrijf] from the director/liquidator [gedaagde]. The subdistrict cour... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2017:7228, District Court of The Hague, 2017-06-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of annuity company Gouden Tromp B.V. holds director defendant liable under Section 2:248 DCC. The director had [used] the annuity capit... (Legal issues: B1, B5, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2017:5325, District Court of Gelderland, 2017-10-04, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of two directors (defendant 1 and defendant 2) of Velperpoort B.V. and WWR Holding B.V. for the with... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2018:245, District Court of Overijssel, 2018-01-24, The trustee in bankruptcy of Simij B.V. (a temporary employment agency for crane operators, bankrupt in 2012) holds the directors liable under Section 2:248 DCC. After bankruptcy the records... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2018:865, District Court of Gelderland, 2018-02-21, The claimant had a claim of approximately €140,000 against company [naam C] which had been awarded by default, but execution was impossible because the compan... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2018:1021, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2018-03-27, Indirect director (appellant) of the bankrupt cleaning company [X B.V.] is held liable by the trustee in bankruptcy on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2018:3168, District Court of Limburg, 2018-03-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt SproLoo Transport Nederland B.V. holds the indirect director liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2018:3150, District Court of Rotterdam, 2018-04-11, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of indirect director [gedaagde] of Autorecycling Spijkcity B.V. for breach of the bookkeeping and publication... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2018:15610, District Court of The Hague, 2018-08-22, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt BV I claims directors' liability of the direct director (BV II) and indirect director (defendant A) on the basis ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2018:3981, District Court of Overijssel, 2018-08-29, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Adviesbureau het Oosten B.V. claims directors' liability of indirect director [gedaagde] on the basis of Section ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2018:2366, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2018-09-11, Appeal against the rejection of a WSNP (debt restructuring) application by a former director of the bankrupt company Prohold, who was held liable by the trustee in bankruptcy on the basis of Section 2:248 ... (Legal issues: B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2018:2595, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2018-10-16, Director [appellant] was a director for six weeks of Axis Diensten B.V., a temporary employment agency that was passed on through straw men and in which large tax... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2018:5815, District Court of Gelderland, 2018-12-06, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Import Coöperation Europe B.V. (an import business that purchased technical products and resold them to sister comp... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2019:536, District Court of Overijssel, 2019-01-30, The trustee in the bankruptcies of Shoes Online B.V. and Beter Lopen Schoenwinkels B.V. holds the (indirect) directors liable on the basis of ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2019:1590, District Court of The Hague, 2019-02-22, Petitioners (creditors with a claim under a convertible loan of €196,875) petition for the bankruptcy of XL Ventures B.V., which after a t... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2019:2836, District Court of Overijssel, 2019-06-20, The Public Prosecution Service seeks a civil-law director disqualification order (Section 106a Fw) against a man who was involved as a director in at least three bankruptcies ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2017:6961, District Court of Gelderland, 2019-06-21, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the sole director/shareholder of Dewivo B.V. (a wholesaler of car-cleaning products). The director had the b... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2019:4145, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2019-07-10, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Robos Limburg B.V. claims directors' liability of the sole director/shareholder [gedaagde] on the basis of Section... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2019:2342, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2019-09-10, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of [appellant] as former director of BBM Glas B.V. after bankruptcy. The 2013 annual accounts were ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2019:3238, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2019-12-10, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Schildersbedrijf Prevoo Gouda B.V. (SPG) holds director [appellant] liable under Section 2:248 DCC for the transfer ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:651, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-01-29, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Hupai Horeca & Investments B.V. (a Chinese restaurant) holds the directors ([gedaagde] and Astute Entrepreneur B.V.) lia... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2020:2812, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2020-04-07, After acquiring part of a Serbian shipyard, the selling company DSP granted mortgages over the sold land in favour of affiliated... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:4257, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-05-06, An employee petitions for the bankruptcy of the dissolved company Z Taxi B.V. for unpaid wages and a settlement agreement. The cour... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:4674, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-05-20, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of former director [naam gedaagde 2] and successor director [naam 1] of a bankrupt car dealer... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2020:4045, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2020-05-26, The trustee in bankruptcy of El-Ino-Venture Management B.V. holds director [geïntimeerde] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly improper m... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2020:4426, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2020-10-21, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the director of a bankrupt swimming school ([bedrijfsnaam] B.V.) liable under Section 2:248 DCC. The court holds that the defendant b... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2020:8679, District Court of Limburg, 2020-11-04, RSM Nederland (accountant) claims payment of invoices for accountancy work of Rogama B.V. In its counterclaim, Rogama submits that RSM fell short... (Legal issues: B2)
  • ECLI:NL:HR:2020:2083, Supreme Court, 2020-12-18, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [A] B.V. has held the directors ([eiseres 1] B.V. and [eiser 2]) liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for impro... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2020:4617, District Court of Overijssel, 2020-12-31, The Public Prosecution Service seeks a civil-law director disqualification order under Section 106a Fw against the respondent, who was involved as a director in at least... (Legal issues: B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2021:20, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2021-01-12, Continuation of the interlocutory judgment of 22 May 2018. Appellant claims €2.8 million on the basis of acknowledgements of debt signed by the respondents (family members ... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:1907, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-02-17, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the former indirect director/de facto policymaker of B.V. Machinefabriek M.K.B. liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the ba... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2021:914, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2021-04-20, SSUB, a temporary employment agency for the security sector, was incorporated on 6 July 2015 and took over the workforce (60 employees) of the loss-making... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2021:3797, District Court of Limburg, 2021-04-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Maastrichtse Autobus Combinatie B.V. (MAC), a taxi and funeral transport company, claims directors' liability of direc... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2021:1741, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2021-06-08, The trustee in the bankruptcy of X B.V. claims damages from sole director/shareholder appellant for improper performance of duties, ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:2477, District Court of Overijssel, 2021-06-16, ProTech Kunststoftechniek B.V. was declared bankrupt after its directors (defendant 1/defendant 2 as indirect director and defendant 3 as de facto... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2021:6157, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2021-06-22, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the directors of the bankrupt transport company VRT liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC. At its incorporation in Jul... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:3449, District Court of Overijssel, 2021-09-01, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [X] B.V. holds four (indirect) directors liable under Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the records-keeping and filing... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2021:7912, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2021-09-08, The trustee in bankruptcy of = Doen B.V. holds indirect director/de facto policymaker [gedaagde in z1/eiser in z2] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:3746, District Court of Overijssel, 2021-10-06, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the defendant as (indirect) director of two bankrupt care companies (Koturlu B.V. and Harmonie... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2021:12432, District Court of The Hague, 2021-11-10, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the sole shareholder/director of a bankrupt BV on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for the failure to ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:4636, District Court of Overijssel, 2021-12-08, The trustee in the bankruptcy of BV [A] has held director [C] liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of manifestly improper manage... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2021:7044, District Court of Amsterdam, 2021-12-08, The claimant (a credit provider) granted a subordinated loan of €2.5 million to a holding company on the basis of interim figures ... (Legal issues: B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2021:2546, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2021-12-28, Appellant was director and sole shareholder of Cap City Cars and sold the shares for €1 to a straw man (party 1), introduced by ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:705, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-02-01, Atlantis Financiers N.V. petitions for the bankruptcy of the dissolved company The People Company Zuid-Holland B.V. for a due and payable claim... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:439, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-02-07, The trustee in the bankruptcy of [X] B.V. had levied prejudgment attachments on assets of the (indirect) directors on the basis of Section 2:... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:540, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-02-23, The trustee in bankruptcy of Royal Fireworks Nederland B.V. holds the director (defendant 1) and de facto policymaker/husband (defendant 2) liable under Section 2:... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2022:886, District Court of Amsterdam, 2022-02-28, WHOA proceedings in which the applicant seeks confirmation of a composition. Creditor [naam bedrijf 1] seeks rejection and relies, among other things, on ... (Legal issues: B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:2748, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-03-08, ZZ Fruit B.V. petitions for the bankruptcy of the dissolved company Sera Supermarkt Vlaardingen B.V., which had been dissolved by turbo-liquidation after ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:2757, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-03-08, ZZ Fruit B.V. petitions for the bankruptcy of the dissolved company Sera Supermarkt Rotterdam B.V., which was wound up by turbo-liquidation after asset... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2022:2388, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2022-03-16, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt car dealership [gefailleerde] holds the indirect director [gedaagde] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:1768, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-06-08, Final judgment following an interlocutory judgment on directors' liability in the bankruptcy of 't Twentse Kozijnen Huis B.V., with a bankruptcy deficit of at least €... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2022:2263, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2022-06-15, The trustee in the bankruptcy of company 1 levied garnishee attachment in execution against the defendant (employer of former director C who by judgment ... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:6971, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-07-27, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [naam bedrijf] claims directors' liability of three directors (including a de facto policymaker) for ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2022:8740, District Court of The Hague, 2022-08-30, Eneco petitions for the bankruptcy of the company Exotic Greens & Peppers Company B.V., dissolved by turbo-liquidation. The court holds that there are... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2022:5429, District Court of Amsterdam, 2022-08-31, The trustee in the bankruptcy of a business that converted drilling platforms into accommodation platforms claims, on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, payment ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2022:5993, District Court of Gelderland, 2022-10-12, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of an indirect director who breached the records-keeping obligation, transferred the business for no consideration to a new... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2022:5221, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2022-12-14, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt home-care business holds the (indirect) directors liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of Section 2:248(1... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2022:5564, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2022-12-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [onderneming 1] B.V. holds indirect director [opposante sub 1] and her holding company liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2022:14287, District Court of The Hague, 2022-12-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt transport company [de B.V.] holds director [gedaagde sub 1] liable under Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly improper... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2023:405, District Court of Amsterdam, 2023-02-01, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt BV (a hiring agency for physiotherapists) addresses the formal indirect director, the de facto director (life partner)... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2023:2626, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2023-03-28, Appeal in a case concerning directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the formal director (appellant) and the de facto director (appellant/her fa... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2023:1523, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2023-05-03, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [onderneming 1] B.V. (secondment of staff to a restaurant) holds former director [procesdeelnemer II] liable... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2023:4204, District Court of Rotterdam, 2023-05-17, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Dudok Groep B.V. holds the statutory director and two de facto policymakers liable under Section 2:248 DCC. In a ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:2026, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-05-24, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt De Zwanenhof B.V. claims that the two indirect directors are jointly and severally liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the ba... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:2329, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-06-14, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt car dealership [bedrijf] B.V. holds the sole director [gedaagde] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2023:4202, District Court of Limburg, 2023-07-05, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt maternity-care business [naam failliet] holds the directors (a holding company and its director/natural person) lia... (Legal issues: B1, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2023:8302, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2023-10-03, After the director/pharmacist suffered a cerebral haemorrhage in 2009, her husband (also a lawyer) de facto took over the management of Apotheek B.V. The trustee cl... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2023:6245, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2023-12-06, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the indirect director ([procesdeelnemer I] B.V. and [A]) for the bankruptcy deficit of a ph... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:5111, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-12-13, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt children's play paradise [bedrijf 1] B.V. addresses sole director [partij B] on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly i... (Legal issues: B1, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2023:7587, District Court of Limburg, 2023-12-27, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the sole director of two bankrupt IT consultancy companies. The direc... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2024:2546, District Court of Rotterdam, 2024-02-08, The petitioners petition for the bankruptcy of Het Nieuwe Concept B.V., a dissolved legal entity (turbo-liquidation). The court holds that a prima facie... (Legal issues: B2)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2024:811, District Court of Gelderland, 2024-02-21, An employee claims damages from the director and his holding company for the employer leaving wage claims unpaid... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:1650, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-03-27, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [bedrijf 1] B.V. (heat pumps) holds sole director [gedaagde] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:1764, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-04-03, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt home-care institution Alera Zorg B.V. holds the formal director ([gedaagde 1]) and the de facto policymaker ([gedaagde 2... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2024:775, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2024-04-30, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Golden Tours B.V. holds the indirect directors ([geïntimeerde 1], [geïntimeerde 2] and Golden Tours Holding) liab... (Legal issues: B1, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2024:4388, District Court of Rotterdam, 2024-05-08, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt restaurant [bedrijf A] claims payment of the bankruptcy deficit of €337,998.85 from the (indirect) directors for man... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:2404, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2024-06-12, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Flex Groep Brabant B.V. holds former director defendant liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly imp... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:3535, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-07-03, Continuation of the judgment of 3 April 2024 in which defendant 1 (director) and defendant 2 (de facto policymaker) had already been found jointly and severally liab... (Legal issues: B1, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2024:5941, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2024-07-17, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt asbestos-removal company B.V. 1 holds the director (B.V. 2) and indirect director (naam 1) liable on the basis of Sect... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:4848, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-09-18, The defendant was director of a car dealership (incorporated at the end of 2019) that was declared bankrupt on 24 August 2021, after the defendant had shortly bef... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:4958, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-09-25, The trustee in bankruptcy holds defendant 1 (father) and defendant 2 (son), as former (indirect) directors of a world-cuisine restaurant (bedrijf 1), liable for... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2024:16586, District Court of The Hague, 2024-10-09, The trustee in bankruptcy addresses former director defendant 1 on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly improper management of a bankrupt temporary-employment/contracting... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2024:16981, District Court of The Hague, 2024-10-16, The applicant petitions for the bankruptcy of a turbo-liquidated BV. The respondent submits that there is no interest in bankruptcy owing to the absence of... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:5914, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-11-13, The trustee in the bankruptcies of the [bedrijven] companies claims annulment on the basis of the actio pauliana (Section 3:45 DCC) of the sale and ... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2024:3465, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2024-12-17, Proceedings after referral back by the Supreme Court on directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC. The liability of two directors of the bankrupt... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2025:1771, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2025-01-15, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt ALMG People B.V. held the former director (resident in Germany) liable on the basis of manifestly improper... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2025:1585, District Court of Gelderland, 2025-02-27, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt care provider [bedrijf 1] holds director [gedaagde 1] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the recor... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2025:2066, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2025-03-26, Default judgment in which the trustee in bankruptcy of [onderneming] B.V. seeks a director disqualification order against the former director on the basis of manifestly improper man... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2025:1894, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2025-04-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt company [bedrijf 1] B.V. claims from former director and sole shareholder [gedaagde] repayment of €71,110 in paulia... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2025:4150, District Court of Gelderland, 2025-04-23, The trustee in the bankruptcy of [bedrijf 1] holds sole director/shareholder [oppossant] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2025:5581, District Court of Rotterdam, 2025-04-30, Damages-assessment proceedings for the determination of the bankruptcy deficit for which the defendant, as de facto director/indirect director of the bankrupt company... (Legal issues: B5, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:3582, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-05-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Julide Transport B.V. holds the sole (indirect) director liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2025:5012, District Court of Amsterdam, 2025-07-09, The trustee in bankruptcy has held three directors (a natural person and two companies) liable for the bankruptcy deficit of the bankrupt B.V. o... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B4, B5, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:4738, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-07-16, Salutem Zorg B.V., a home-care organisation, was declared bankrupt after Twente municipalities rescinded the framework agreement for non-compliance with tender... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2025:10114, District Court of Rotterdam, 2025-08-06, The trustee in the bankruptcy of [bedrijf 1] seeks, by default, that [gedaagde] be held liable as a de facto policymaker on the basis of... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:5519, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-09-10, The trustee in the bankruptcy of construction company [bedrijf 1] B.V. addresses four (former) indirect directors on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:7265, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-12-10, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Rockin Burgers B.V. seeks a declaratory judgment that the director (defendant) performed his managerial duties in a manifestly improper... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2025:13237, District Court of Limburg, 2025-12-24, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Gebouwenservice Limburg B.V. addresses the director/sole shareholder on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for the late pub... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2026:574, District Court of Limburg, 2026-01-08, Preliminary relief proceedings to lift a prejudgment attachment levied by the defendant (former co-director of a project company for the acquisition of a German w... (Legal issues: B8)

Partially granted (148)

  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2015:2624, District Court of Amsterdam, 2015-05-13, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the defendant as indirect director of BRG Lease B.V. and Autosbravos Nederland B.V. for breach ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2015:2947, District Court of Overijssel, 2015-06-03, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Construmax B.V. claims directors' liability of the direct director ([gedaagde 1], a B.V.) and the indirect di... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2015:4517, District Court of Rotterdam, 2015-06-17, The trustee in bankruptcy of MF International B.V. claims damages from the former director (Adepro/[gedaagde2]) on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC and from third parties ([ge... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2015:5814, District Court of Amsterdam, 2015-09-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of ten bankrupt companies in the car sector claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC against two directors for bre... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2015:6009, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2015-09-09, The trustee in bankruptcy of Bald Productie Dongen BV (BPD) claims directors' liability of CVG Vastgoed BV, Jaya BV and their director [man a] as indirect... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2015:6805, District Court of Gelderland, 2015-09-30, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt accident-repair firm holds the (indirect) director and his companies liable for manifestly improp... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2015:7844, District Court of Gelderland, 2015-11-12, In preliminary relief proceedings, the trustee in bankruptcy claims an advance payment of €550,000 on the bankruptcy deficit of Ibas Ede B.V., after both the district court and the court of appeal... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2016:1416, District Court of The Hague, 2016-02-03, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of de facto managers (defendant 2 and 3) who used a company to [supply] chicken meat... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2016:3082, District Court of Overijssel, 2016-07-27, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [X] claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC against the (indirect) directors who, prior to the bankrupt... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2016:6241, District Court of Rotterdam, 2016-08-10, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt insurance intermediary holds the director liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for the late publication of the annual account... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2016:4350, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2016-08-17, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt meat-processing firm claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the director (BV) and indirect director (... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2016:5964, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2016-11-16, Damages-assessment proceedings following the judgment of 17 December 2014 in which directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC had been established for two (indirect) direct... (Legal issues: B4, B5, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2016:7750, District Court of Amsterdam, 2016-12-07, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt 4Ports B.V. holds the sole director liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the bookkeeping obligation and claims on that ba... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2016:16211, District Court of The Hague, 2016-12-28, The trustee in the bankruptcies of SOG FB (a foundation that applied for ESF subsidies for sector funds) and De Administratie B.V. (which carried out the actual admini... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2017:405, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2017-01-26, Creditors Morpak and Panalpina of the bankrupt Smit Ovens B.V. claim, in preliminary relief proceedings, inspection of parts of the records of the bankrupt entity via ... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2017:1424, District Court of Rotterdam, 2017-02-15, The trustee in bankruptcy of Ramblas Entertainment (operator of discotheque Hollywood Music Hall) holds directors Ramblas Holding and its indirect director liab... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2017:2305, District Court of Rotterdam, 2017-03-08, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt A.T. Havenservice & Koeriersdienst B.V. (ATH) holds the (step)son of the directors liable as a de facto policy... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2017:1371, District Court of Gelderland, 2017-03-10, In the bankruptcy of two companies, the trustee in bankruptcy has brought proceedings against a former director on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC a... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2017:3001, District Court of Gelderland, 2017-05-24, The trustee in bankruptcy of Selamat Innovations B.V. addresses indirect directors (Trint, [gedaagde sub 2] and [gedaagde sub 3]) on the basis of Sections 2:248, 2:9 and... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2017:3975, District Court of Amsterdam, 2017-06-14, In the bankruptcy of a clothing-shop BV, the trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the de facto director (defendant 1) and the formal director (de... (Legal issues: B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2017:2788, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2017-07-19, The trustee in bankruptcy of Welsec holds sole shareholder HHI, the statutory director, the de facto director/supervisory director and accountant Deloitte liable for the... (Legal issues: B1, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2017:7803, District Court of Limburg, 2017-08-09, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt funeral business (a holding company) claims directors' liability of the married couple who acted as directors. The dir... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2017:9270, District Court of Rotterdam, 2017-11-01, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Container Cleaning Nederland B.V. (a container-cleaning firm) holds the sole director liable for the bankruptcy deficit ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2017:6041, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2017-11-15, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt WRM B.V. claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of three defendants: Apvodo (director), its indirect di... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2017:6849, District Court of Gelderland, 2017-12-13, The trustee in bankruptcy claims from the sole (indirect) director of a bankrupt group of transport companies payment of the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of Section 2... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2017:10169, District Court of Rotterdam, 2017-12-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt company (active in electrical installations for petrochemicals) claims directors' liability of TAVO (director... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2018:2168, District Court of Limburg, 2018-03-07, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Incasso- en Informatiecentrum Heerlen B.V. claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC of the holding... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2018:2055, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2018-03-07, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Chica's B.V. (a café-restaurant) holds the (indirect) directors liable for substantial withdrawals (approximately €31... (Legal issues: B1, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2018:1020, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2018-03-27, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the indirect director [appellant] of the bankrupt cleaning company [X B.V.] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for br... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2018:1717, District Court of Overijssel, 2018-05-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [B] claims annulment of paulian acts (a pledge and the private sale of assets) and directors' li... (Legal issues: B1, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2018:7061, District Court of Limburg, 2018-07-25, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt BV claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for falsified bank-transaction statements and an incorrec... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2018:7829, District Court of Amsterdam, 2018-09-26, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt company [naam bedrijf 1] (a wholesaler in optical media products) claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC ag... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2018:6664, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2018-10-03, The trustee in bankruptcy of bankrupt construction company [bedrijfsnaam 2] holds director [gedaagde sub 3] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, and the parent/sister... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2018:9242, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2018-10-23, Preliminary relief proceedings on the lifting of prejudgment attachments levied by the trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt De Vries Transport Groep companies against m... (Legal issues: B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2018:9777, District Court of Rotterdam, 2018-11-14, The trustee in bankruptcy of CSH Uitzendbureau B.V. claims directors' liability of the sole director for manifestly improper management on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2019:2783, District Court of Rotterdam, 2019-01-17, SNCU claims directors' liability of the holding company and its director for the structural failure to comply with wage obligations under the collective labour agreement for... (Legal issues: B5, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2019:1696, District Court of Rotterdam, 2019-02-27, Zon Impex claims damages from the defendant in tort in connection with the sale of Dasti cleaning products that infringed... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2019:3938, District Court of The Hague, 2019-04-17, Professional liability case against a lawyer (claimant/sole proprietorship) by former client Wensholt BV. Wensholt accuses the lawyer of professional errors in two... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2019:4354, District Court of The Hague, 2019-05-01, Rabobank addresses director/DGA [gedaagde] under a suretyship and for wrongful conduct after the turbo-liquidation of NL Groeps Beheren B.V. The cla... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2019:3164, District Court of Gelderland, 2019-07-10, The trustee in bankruptcy of Red Dragon B.V. (a bankrupt restaurant operator) claims directors' liability of [gedaagde sub 2] and payment-up of shares ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2019:2669, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2019-07-23, The trustee in bankruptcy claims that [appellant], as a de facto policymaker, is liable for the bankruptcy deficit of [X] B.V. (Section 2:248(7) DCC) and ... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2019:6486, District Court of Rotterdam, 2019-08-14, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Split Solutions B.V. claims from the (indirect) directors payment of the bankruptcy deficit or damages for ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2019:6935, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2019-08-27, The trustee in bankruptcy of Nowa Wies B.V. holds the indirect directors (appellant and appellant, directors of UBC, the direct director of Nowa Wies) lia... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2019:4294, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2019-12-03, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt DES holds the legal-entity director ([X]), the indirect director ([Y]) and SportLED liable for an asset/liab... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2019:9621, District Court of Rotterdam, 2019-12-04, The Pension Fund claims payment of arrears of pension contributions (€275,225.21) from the formal director and the de facto policymaker of a ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2019:11562, District Court of Limburg, 2019-12-24, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt MS42 B.V. claims surrender of the records, a declaratory judgment of improper management under Section 2:248 DCC, an advance... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:2615, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-03-26, The claimant seeks payment of unpaid invoices (€9,053.22) from father and son as directors of a bankrupt company on the basis of directors'... (Legal issues: B1, B4, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2020:894, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2020-05-12, Indemnification proceedings in the context of directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC in the bankruptcy of Schildersbedrijf Prevoo Gouda B.V. (SPG). Ap... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2020:1430, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2020-06-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Kozijn Techniek Noord-Holland B.V. holds the indirect directors liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2020:4432, District Court of Limburg, 2020-06-19, Postco Group levied a prejudgment attachment on the matrimonial home of the claimant and his wife to secure a claim based on wrongf... (Legal issues: B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:7549, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-08-19, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the (indirect) directors of Gerlon International and subsidiaries after bankruptcy in Januar... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2020:3161, District Court of Overijssel, 2020-09-09, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt temporary employment agency Creatief IH Uitzendburo B.V. holds two successive directors liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2020:3292, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2020-09-23, The trustees in bankruptcy of bankrupt companies of the shrimp group address a former director for years of involvement in cartel arrangements... (Legal issues: B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2020:5372, District Court of Amsterdam, 2020-10-07, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt online auction house [eiser] B.V. holds the (indirect) directors liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for the late... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2020:5203, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2020-11-18, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [de BV] claims directors' liability of defendant 1 (director since 1 August 2016) and defendant 2 (di... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2020:2119, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2020-11-24, The trustee in bankruptcy of Bell Marketing B.V. holds the indirect director (through his executor/administrator) liable for leaving unrequired repayment of... (Legal issues: B1, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2020:4123, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2020-11-25, After the bankruptcy of transport company [naam 3], a restart is made through [naam 1] BV and [naam 2] BV, which also go bankrupt two years later. The tru... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:627, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-01-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of Tower Services Europe B.V. (TSE), active in the maintenance of installations in the petrochemical industry, holds the (indirect) director... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:1011, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-02-03, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Exploitatie claims liability of director [naam persoon B] on account of a dividend distribution of €1,080,000 which... (Legal issues: B6)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2021:1570, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2021-05-11, Appeal concerning directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC and a civil-law director disqualification order of the director of the bankrupt temporary employment agency CSH ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2021:5451, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2021-07-07, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt De Slijterij van Alkmaar B.V. holds the director and (indirect) shareholder liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC (manif... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:3107, District Court of Overijssel, 2021-08-04, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt general partnership CareFree Twente holds the two partners liable in tort for the manner in which they [ran] the partnership... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:8702, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-08-25, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [naam gefailleerde rechtspersoon] holds the (indirect) directors liable under Section 2:248(1) DCC for manifestly... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:8985, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-09-15, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Heintz/Vreezen Bouw B.V. seeks, by default, a declaratory judgment that the director is liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC... (Legal issues: B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2021:4910, District Court of Gelderland, 2021-09-15, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt company (active in football journalism) that formed part of a group of companies holds the directors lia... (Legal issues: B1, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:9712, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-10-06, The trustee in bankruptcy of Farma Cleaning & Services B.V. holds the former (indirect) directors liable under Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly improper m... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2021:9619, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2021-10-12, The trustees in bankruptcy of three bankrupt companies (Drent Holding, Drent Goebel and Trend) claim directors' liability of directors [geïntime... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2021:13196, District Court of The Hague, 2021-10-20, Plink Beheer claims repayment of a loan of €494,000 to Creatie I for a real-estate project, as well as directors' liability of the defendan... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2021:9247, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2021-10-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of bankrupt bulb grower [gefailleerde] holds director [gedaagde 1] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2021:2897, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2021-10-26, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of three (indirect) directors of the D group, which consisted of several companies... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2021:12269, District Court of The Hague, 2021-11-10, Dispute over payment of €21.7 million under a loan agreement arising from the transfer of AirOpack technology rights. In the int... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2021:6583, District Court of Gelderland, 2021-12-08, In damages-assessment proceedings, the trustee in bankruptcy claims payment of the bankruptcy deficit of €68,439.51 from director [eiser in het verzet] of El-Ino-V... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2021:6962, District Court of Gelderland, 2021-12-22, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the widow/director of HVG Novio Vastgoed B.V. liable for the bankruptcy deficit for breach of the bookkeeping obligation and manif... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2021:6959, District Court of Gelderland, 2021-12-22, The trustee in bankruptcy of Genalice Holding B.V. and Inverse-IT B.V. holds indirect director defendant liable for manifestly improper management (Section 2... (Legal issues: B1, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2021:7832, District Court of Amsterdam, 2021-12-29, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [eiser] B.V. seeks a declaratory judgment that director [gedaagde] engaged in manifestly improper management and is liab... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2022:878, District Court of Limburg, 2022-02-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt IIC B.V. holds director [gedaagde] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly improper management, cons... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2022:562, District Court of Amsterdam, 2022-02-16, The claimant (a clothing wholesaler) claims damages from CDK (director of a joint venture company), the indirect director and two managers ... (Legal issues: B4, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:4238, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-02-23, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the de facto policymaker (party B 2) and the former director (party B 3) of a bankrupt finishing firm liable on th... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:580, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-02-23, The trustee in bankruptcy of RF Sports Equipment B.V. holds two successive directors liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the bookkee... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2022:1182, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2022-03-16, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of three directors of courier company [onderneming 1] B.V., which went bankrupt on 25 April 2018 after years... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2022:2973, District Court of The Hague, 2022-03-30, Paddock had, together with the defendant (indirect director through Delin Holding), incorporated the company Disprosign to resell advertising products. After t... (Legal issues: B2, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2022:2901, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2022-05-04, The trustee in bankruptcy holds directors and a party as a de facto policymaker liable for bankruptcy deficits in four bankrupt companies (the... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2022:4677, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2022-05-18, The claimant (an accountancy firm) claims directors' liability of the defendant who, as (indirect) director, dissolved five BVs through turbo-liquidation... (Legal issues: B2, B3, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:5954, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-07-06, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Energie der Nederlanden B.V. (EdN) claims payment of the bankruptcy deficit of approximately €13 million from director [ge... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2022:3353, District Court of Gelderland, 2022-07-06, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt company (railway safety workers) claims, on the basis of the bankruptcy actio pauliana, repayment by shareholder [g... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:1971, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-07-06, The trustee in bankruptcy holds two indirect directors (defendant 2 and defendant 3, through a legal-entity director) and an alleged de facto manager... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2022:6134, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2022-07-19, The trustee in bankruptcy of Waterwerken.nl BV claims joint and several liability of former directors (a married couple) for the bankruptcy deficit for impro... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:2932, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-07-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt care foundation Social Care 24/7 holds three defendants (two statutory directors and an alleged de facto policymaker) ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2022:2310, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2022-08-09, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC and annulment of the paulian sale of fibre-optic networks by [onderneming 1] to ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2022:5238, District Court of Gelderland, 2022-09-07, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt ICT-staffing company [gefailleerde vennootschap] holds six (indirect) directors liable on the basis ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2022:3858, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2022-09-28, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of indirect director [gedaagde sub 1] and his brother [gedaagde sub 2] as a de facto policymaker... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:8290, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-10-05, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt transport company [bedrijf A] claims from sole director/shareholder [persoon B] payment under a current-ac... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:3059, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-10-12, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the sole director/shareholder of the bankrupt MKD B.V. (kitchen sales and installation) on the ba... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2022:4668, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2022-10-26, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt angling-goods company [gefailleerde] B.V. addresses director C&T Beheer and indirect director [gedaagde sub 2] for... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2022:7368, District Court of Gelderland, 2022-11-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt BV (trade in prefab housing) claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC for the failure to remit turnover tax... (Legal issues: B1, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2022:7123, District Court of Gelderland, 2022-12-21, The trustee in bankruptcy of Ruso B.V. holds sole director [gedaagde] liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC. The director had s... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:11461, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-12-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of bankrupt real-estate investment company HMJC addresses the former director/UBO and his successor as director on the basis of Section 2... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2023:168, District Court of The Hague, 2023-01-11, The DGA of a mobile-phone-shop BV transfers his shares to a 21-year-old Syrian straw man while the company had a substantial debt burden... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:1225, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-03-08, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the sole director of two bankrupt companies ([X] B.V. and [Z] B.V., active in the leather-goods sector) liable on the ba... (Legal issues: B2, B3, B5, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2023:2334, District Court of Rotterdam, 2023-03-15, Eight claimants claim damages from the statutory director and his father (alleged de facto director) of a dissolved window-frame company that ... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2023:3671, District Court of Amsterdam, 2023-04-19, The claimant had concluded a settlement agreement with Spaceward (her employer) to terminate her employment contract, but Spaceward failed to [comply with] its... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:2417, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-06-07, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt ClickConcepts B.V. (kitchen and bathroom shop) holds the indirect director [Partij B] and the direct director [Partij ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:3268, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-06-21, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt care company [bedrijf] B.V. claims liability of director [gedaagde 1] B.V. and indirect director [gedaagde ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2023:8801, District Court of Amsterdam, 2023-07-11, Limited partners of an investment limited partnership (Boxx Opslagverhuur Breukelen) claim, in preliminary relief proceedings, distribution of profits, rectification of misleading inf... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2023:4681, District Court of Limburg, 2023-07-26, Damages-assessment proceedings following an earlier conviction of two directors of Kunstcollectief for manifestly improper management (Section 2:138 DCC). The cour... (Legal issues: B5, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:3475, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-08-30, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt care provider De Rozenhof B.V. holds three (former) directors liable. Director [gedaagde 1] (mother) is ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:3729, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-09-20, The trustees in bankruptcy of nine bankrupt Megahome companies (project development/land positions) claim directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2023:2572, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2023-09-26, Dispute over an unperformed share purchase agreement in ER Capital, concluded with a BV in formation (Newco), in which the central question is whether by co... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:3913, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-10-04, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the sole director/shareholder of a BV that borrowed money from investors and on-lent it to a ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:HR:2023:1384, Supreme Court, 2023-10-06, The trustee in the bankruptcy of Maastrichtse Autobus Combinatie B.V. holds the directors liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2023:8459, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2023-10-10, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the father (statutory director) and son (de facto director) liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for improper management of B&A... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2023:5585, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2023-10-25, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [bedrijf 1] B.V. (pest control, relaunch) holds the direct director ([gedaagde sub 1] B.V.) and indirect direc... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:4978, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-12-06, The trustee in bankruptcy claims liability of former director [gedaagde 1] of a bankrupt transport company on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for manife... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2024:1207, District Court of The Hague, 2024-01-24, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt pile-driving firm [bedrijfsnaam 1] claims damages for a wrongful relaunch, the diversion of project proceeds, pauli... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2024:648, District Court of Rotterdam, 2024-01-31, VDP and OCP had a cooperation agreement under which VDP pre-financed OCP's production for projects that did not get off the ground. The cou... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2024:1678, District Court of Rotterdam, 2024-02-28, The trustee in the bankruptcies of TotalSolution B.V. and TotalSolution Elektro Techniek B.V. claims directors' liability on the basis of Section... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2024:1689, District Court of Limburg, 2024-04-03, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the sole director of a bankrupt BV. The director had [changed] the registered... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:1992, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-04-10, The trustees in the bankruptcies of Megahome/NPB claim annulment of gifts of immovable property by the former director/shareholder... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2024:4604, District Court of Rotterdam, 2024-04-17, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of sole shareholder/director [gedaagde] for the bankruptcy deficits of [gedaagde] Holding and Repo-V... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2024:2728, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2024-04-24, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt B.V. 1 (roller shutters/sun blinds) holds the indirect directors (defendant 3 as legal-entity director, defendant 1 as di... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2024:1839, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2024-07-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt NedFiber claims repayment following the annulment of the sale of fibre-optic networks to an affiliated company (R... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2024:7580, District Court of Rotterdam, 2024-08-14, The trustee in the bankruptcy of a BV claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248 in conjunction with 2:11 DCC against four defendants. With two def... (Legal issues: B1, B5, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2024:11636, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2024-11-13, GON was engaged in land speculation and was declared bankrupt in October 2021. The trustee in bankruptcy holds VPN Holding (direct director), Defendant 2 (indi... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2024:12289, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2024-11-27, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the indirect director of two bankrupt staffing companies (BMF Install and BMF Man) ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2024:6907, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2024-12-18, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of formal director [gedaagde sub 1] and de facto policymaker [gedaagde sub 2] for the bankruptcy defic... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2024:9140, District Court of Gelderland, 2024-12-18, The trustee in bankruptcy of bankrupt care institution [bedrijf 1] holds indirect directors liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of manifestly improper... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2025:122, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2025-01-08, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt construction company [eiser] BV claims directors' liability of director [gedaagde 1] on the basis of Section 2:248(2) DCC ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:49, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-01-08, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the holding company (Party B 1) and its director/shareholder (Party B 2) for the ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2025:82, District Court of Gelderland, 2025-01-08, The trustee in the bankruptcy of Quanova B.V. holds the (ex-)wife of the indirect director and two of her companies liable in... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2025:71, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2025-01-14, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the indirect director and de facto policymaker of a bankrupt staffing organisation for physiotherapists liable on the basis... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:336, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-01-22, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt transport company [bedrijf] B.V. holds the directors (a holding BV and its sole shareholder/director) liable... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2025:124, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2025-01-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt real-estate company HJMC addresses former directors [appellant 1] and [appellant 2] on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC (manif... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2025:7701, District Court of The Hague, 2025-04-24, The applicant (a creditor of a bankrupt interior-design company) applies for a provisional examination of witnesses and surrender of documents under Section 843a DCCP ... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2025:2783, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2025-04-29, Transport company Insa-IF went bankrupt. The trustee in bankruptcy claimed from director [appellant] payment of a current-account debt of approximately €470,000 a... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2025:5501, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2025-05-14, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [eiser] B.V. holds the directors liable under Section 2:248 DCC. [eiser] had, as a 'loss-absorbing company' within the gro... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2025:1371, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2025-05-27, The trustee in bankruptcy of GT HEALTHCARE4U B.V. (GTHC4U) has held the directors (appellant 1 and 2) liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC and addressed GT4U... (Legal issues: B1, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:3673, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-05-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt La Demica Stucwerk B.V. holds the former indirect director (defendant 1) liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC fo... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2025:14038, District Court of The Hague, 2025-06-18, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt car-dealership BV claims directors' liability of the statutory director (party 1) and her ex-husband as de fa... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2025:9127, District Court of Rotterdam, 2025-07-23, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Comedical B.V. (distributor of medical equipment) claims directors' liability of the indirect directors for... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:5605, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-09-10, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt company [bedrijf 1] B.V. (window-frame company) claims directors' liability of the formal directors [partij B 1] a... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:5628, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-09-17, The director of a bankrupt B.V. had incorporated the company solely to enable his personally bankrupt father to hold a bank accoun... (Legal issues: B1, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:6113, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-10-15, The trustee in bankruptcy addresses two (indirect) directors of the bankrupt Dock 25 B.V. (a builder of luxury houseboats) on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for bre... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2025:23661, District Court of The Hague, 2025-11-05, The trustee in the bankruptcies of Tempowork Uitzend Groep B.V. and Tempowork B.V. claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC and... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:6402, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-11-05, The defendant was sole director and shareholder of ten companies that were declared bankrupt in 2024. The trustee in bankruptcy submits that the defendant on a large scale... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2025:22543, District Court of The Hague, 2025-11-26, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt construction company 123 Bouwbedrijf B.V. claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC against the formal direct... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2025:9708, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2025-12-24, Het Zorgpunt B.V., a home-care business, was declared bankrupt in 2020 after the Public Prosecution Service had levied an attachment and VGZ refused to conclude a new contract f... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2026:121, District Court of Overijssel, 2026-01-14, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [bedrijf] B.V. holds the former director [gedaagde] liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of Section 2:2... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2026:792, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2026-01-14, The trustee in bankruptcy addresses the sole director/shareholder of the bankrupt [bedrijf 1] B.V. (plumbing/fitting work) on the basis of an outstanding current-ac... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7)

Dismissed (144)

  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2015:698, District Court of Rotterdam, 2015-01-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt wholesaler in computer hardware claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC against an alleged de facto policymaker... (Legal issues: B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2015:952, District Court of Limburg, 2015-02-04, The trustees in bankruptcy of six bankrupt companies address the defendant in tort (Section 6:162 DCC) and under the Peeters q.q./Gatzen case law... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2015:1195, District Court of The Hague, 2015-02-11, The trustee in the bankruptcies of VKB (A Beheer) and Huys en Rendement claims annulment of a share transaction on the basis of the actio pauliana and directors' liab... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2015:5434, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2015-03-18, The trustee in bankruptcy of Bos en Duin B.V. (a hotel operator) holds the sole director liable for the bankruptcy deficit of approximately EUR 6.8 million. Although... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2015:1413, District Court of Overijssel, 2015-03-25, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt kitchen-installation firm [bedrijf] claims annulment of three share-premium/dividend resolutions (totalling €1,014,868), an order for... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2015:2908, District Court of Overijssel, 2015-05-06, Creditors (claimants) claim, on the basis of Section 3:15j(d) DCC, inspection of the records of the bankrupt company HOG in order to investigate whether ... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2015:4479, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2015-06-11, The applicant petitions for the bankruptcy of an already dissolved BV (turbo-liquidation), submitting that a claim for directors' liability under Sec... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2015:1389, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2015-06-16, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt IKB Projecten BV holds former director [geïntimeerde] liable on various grounds (actio pauliana, tort... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2015:4853, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2015-06-30, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt contractor (Bedrijf 1) claims on appeal from the client (Appellante) payment on various grounds (breach of contract, un... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2015:3033, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2015-07-21, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Whermo B.V. holds the (indirect) directors liable under Section 2:248(1) DCC for concluding an asset agreement ... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2015:6178, District Court of Amsterdam, 2015-07-29, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the directors of Whermo B.V. (a secondment agency) liable for manifestly improper management following an asset transaction with group comp... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2015:2232, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2015-08-18, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the sole (indirect) director of Culi-d'Or B.V., which formed part of a gro... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2015:4488, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2015-09-23, The trustee in the bankruptcy of three companies (a shipyard) claims that indirect director [B] is liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2015:14460, District Court of The Hague, 2015-10-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of [B] Onderhoud- en Riooltechniek B.V. addresses indirect directors [B] and [C] on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the publication... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2015:6452, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2015-11-11, The trustee in the bankruptcy of TB Exploitatie B.V. addresses the (indirect) directors on the basis of Section 2:180(2)(b) DCC (old) for failure to ... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:PHR:2015:2412, Advocate General at the Supreme Court, 2015-12-11, Advocate General's opinion in cassation on the personal liability of the sole shareholder/de facto director of an Aruban company ([A]) fo... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2016:248, District Court of Rotterdam, 2016-01-06, Balvert Betonstaal claims payment of unpaid additional-work invoices (€98,354.84) from the bankrupt BBN Projecten, from former director [gedaagde 5] and affili... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2016:83, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2016-01-13, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of four directors of a bankrupt BV and, in addition, payment of €14,000 by ... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2016:2401, District Court of Rotterdam, 2016-03-23, The trustee in bankruptcy of Themo Elektrotechniek B.V. claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC, undue payment and tort from di... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2016:1753, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2016-04-06, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt day nursery claims directors' liability of the indirect director on the basis of Sections 2:248, 2:9 and 6:162 DCC... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2016:1238, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2016-05-03, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Westland BV (a staffing company that exclusively hired out staff to a sister company, 's-Gravenzande BV) addresses direc... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2016:4944, District Court of The Hague, 2016-05-11, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt furniture shop VSW holds the director liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the publication obligation (only provisi... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2016:3579, District Court of Gelderland, 2016-06-15, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the director of a bankrupt BV, solely on the basis of breach of the... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2016:1935, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2016-07-12, Staffable et al. (a staffing agency for the hospitality sector) hold director [geïntimeerde] of EnC Group B.V. liable under Section 6:162 DCC for unpaid clai... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2016:3813, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2016-07-12, The trustee in the bankruptcy of a flower-bulb company claims directors' liability of the sole director on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2016:4577, District Court of Gelderland, 2016-07-20, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the indirect director of a bankrupt wholesaler in household appliances, furniture and compute... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2016:4060, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2016-07-27, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the director of a bankrupt software company (Zieso software). Although the presumption of proof w... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2016:11553, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2016-07-27, The defendant in opposition (Veer Holding/its director) had been addressed by the claimants for repayment of a €50,000 advance on financing costs. The cour... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2016:2259, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2016-08-02, De Zonnebloem claims, on the basis of Section 6:162 DCC, damages from the de facto director ([geïntimeerde 1]) and formal director ([geïntimeerde ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2016:3128, District Court of Overijssel, 2016-08-03, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the director of a bankrupt café. Although manifestly improper management was established in... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2016:2619, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2016-09-13, R took over the Zwolle branch of Y and submits that directors A1 (legal-entity director) and A2 (natural-person director) are liab... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2016:5194, District Court of Overijssel, 2016-11-30, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Closed Greenhouse Engineering B.V. (CGE), a lead applicant for subsidy projects concerning heat exchangers (fiwihex), holds ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2016:5496, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2016-12-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt secondment agency Whermo B.V. holds the (indirect) directors and shareholder liable for an asset transaction with g... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2016:7255, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2016-12-21, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [bedrijf 1] B.V. holds [gedaagde] liable as a de facto director/supervisory director on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, for br... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2017:1671, District Court of Rotterdam, 2017-02-22, Connexxion claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 6:162 DCC against (indirect) directors and alleged de facto directors of MHIR B... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2017:1444, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2017-04-25, A former director of a bankrupt BV applies for admission to the debt restructuring scheme. The court of appeal rejects the application because good faith as regards... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2017:11904, District Court of The Hague, 2017-09-26, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Schildersbedrijf Prevoo Gouda B.V. petitions for the bankruptcy of an alleged de facto director (respondent) on th... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2017:2857, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2017-10-17, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Foodmix International B.V. holds former director-major shareholder [geïntimeerde] liable on the basis of Section 2:... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2017:10775, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2017-12-07, Appellant, former director of a packaging company (BV), had by irrevocable judgment of 25 May 2016 been held liable on the basis of Section 2:248(1) DCC... (Legal issues: B1, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2018:446, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2018-03-13, The trustee in bankruptcy addresses the former director of the bankrupt temporary employment agency Axis Diensten B.V. on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC and tort, for, among other things, br... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2018:3239, District Court of Rotterdam, 2018-03-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Bell Marketing B.V. holds the indirect director/shareholder liable for allowing a current-ac... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2018:1677, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2018-07-17, Hericon Vastgoed requests the reopening of the liquidation of the turbo-liquidated Ultra Nice B.V. on the basis of Section 2:23c DCC, submitting that there is a po... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2018:4728, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2018-08-01, The claimant claims directors' liability of the director (defendant A) of a dissolved holding company (turbo-liquidation) and of defendant B who [ran] the busin... (Legal issues: B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2018:8505, District Court of Rotterdam, 2018-09-26, In the main proceedings, the trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the (in)direct directors of seven bankrupt companies. I... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2018:3913, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2018-09-26, The trustee in bankruptcy of Aqua '99 B.V. holds the directors liable under Section 2:248 DCC following a transaction in which Aqua's immovable property was transferr... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2018:5048, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2018-10-16, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt catering company [bedrijfsnaam 1] B.V. claims on the basis of the bankruptcy actio pauliana, directors' liability (Section 2:9... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2018:11277, District Court of Rotterdam, 2018-11-16, Yasbouw, as an individual creditor, claims personal liability of the indirect director ([gedaagde]) and his holding company (Bonito) for unpa... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2019:566, District Court of Overijssel, 2019-01-16, The trustee in bankruptcy of Chineurrus Import & Export Ltd, an English company with an office in the Netherlands, holds former director [gedaagde] liable ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2019:365, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2019-01-29, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the indirect director liable for the bankruptcy deficit of a real-estate/rental company that went bankrupt after the loss of... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2019:635, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2019-02-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt fibre-optic company [bedrijfsnaam 1] B.V. holds director [gedaagde sub 1] and de facto policymaker [gedaagde sub 2] lia... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2019:1773, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2019-02-26, Appellants (director/shareholder of De Jong Beheer) claim damages from Rabobank and Friesland Bank Participaties for wrongful cond... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2019:2935, District Court of Rotterdam, 2019-03-27, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Maatschappij de Maas B.V. (shipbuilding/steel constructions) holds former and current (indirect) directors liable on the basis... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2019:2436, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2019-05-22, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt fibre-optic company [bedrijf 1] claims directors' liability of [A] (formal director) and [B] (de facto director)... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2019:2747, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2019-06-17, The claimant accuses his former law firm (respondent) of falling short in the performance of a contract for services by failing to timely [lodge] an... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2019:5423, District Court of Rotterdam, 2019-06-26, Claimants claim repayment of a refinancing fee (€30,557.17) on the early repayment of their mortgage with HQ Hypotheken, submitting that the... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2019:3529, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2019-08-02, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [bedrijf 5] B.V. holds the (indirect) directors liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the recor... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2019:2021, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2019-08-06, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Sections 2:248 and 2:9 DCC of the sole director/shareholder of the bankrupt annuity company Goude... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2019:6785, District Court of Rotterdam, 2019-08-21, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [naam bedrijf 1] holds the (indirect) directors liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, Section 2:9 DCC and Section 6:162 DCC. ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2019:3299, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2019-11-12, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [onderneming X] (corporate gifts) holds the indirect director [A] and his holding company liable on the basis of Section 2:2... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2019:11265, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2019-12-31, A childcare business operated in a general partnership is, after restructuring with a €90,000 Bbz credit, contributed to a BV. Approximately 6 months later the BV, at its own request... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2020:1149, District Court of Amsterdam, 2020-02-21, The trustees in bankruptcy of a bankrupt NV petition for the bankruptcy of a dissolved BV (respondent) which had by judgment been ordered to pay more than... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:2100, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-02-27, Law firm De Neef holds a director personally liable for unpaid fees of two companies that were dissolved through turbo-liquidation... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2020:1323, District Court of Amsterdam, 2020-03-04, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt project-development company [naam BV] claims, on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, that the directors be held liable ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2020:3187, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2020-03-24, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt construction companies ACD and VDM (part of the Widilco group) holds the indirect directors liable for manifestly im... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:3067, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-04-09, The claimant supplied sand to a B.V. that left the invoice unpaid and subsequently went bankrupt. The claimant holds the director (through an intermediate ho... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2020:1672, District Court of Overijssel, 2020-04-29, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt home-care organisation Solace claims directors' liability of PSH (director) and its indirect director [gedaagd... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:4400, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-05-13, The trustee in the bankruptcies of a holding company and its subsidiary (construction sector) claims damages from the external accounta... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2020:4040, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2020-05-26, The trustees in bankruptcy of the Hakenberg companies claim damages from Rabobank for an allegedly impermissible reduction of credit as at 31 December 2002 b... (Legal issues: B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:9485, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-10-21, Three co-heirs/shareholders hold the sole director of a management company liable in tort for improper mana... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:11138, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-12-02, The trustee in the bankruptcy of Aircoclima B.V. had obtained a default judgment against RGB International B.V. (director) on the basis of Section 2... (Legal issues: B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2020:10276, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2020-12-08, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt RoFla B.V. addresses the director, the holding company and a sister company on the grounds of Section 2:248 DCC, tort, bankruptcy... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2021:193, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2021-01-26, The trustee in the bankruptcy of Forum Horeca Exploitatie B.V. claims that Heineken Nederland B.V., as a de facto policymaker (Section 2:248(7) DCC... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2021:1760, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2021-02-23, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the formal and de facto former directors of a bankrupt garage business liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of Section 2:24... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2021:1318, District Court of Gelderland, 2021-02-24, Egg suppliers left unpaid address, after the bankruptcy of egg trader [bedrijfsnaam], the (indirect) director [naam gedaagde] on the ba... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:3853, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-04-14, The claimant claims damages from the (indirect) directors of a bankrupt contractor (bedrijf F) for wrongful conduct in entering into a... (Legal issues: B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:6897, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-05-07, P.I.R., as lessor, claims damages from the defendant as director/sole shareholder of the dissolved tenant (naam bedrijf 2) for wrongf... (Legal issues: B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2021:4068, District Court of Limburg, 2021-05-12, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt BGL Bouw B.V. claims liability of the director (BGL Materieel) and indirect director ([gedaagde sub 2]) on the ba... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:6037, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-06-23, Ayda B.V. holds its former lawyer liable for failing to rescind the construction contract with Bouwservice NH B.V., as a result of which a p... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2021:4878, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2021-08-26, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [onderneming 1] B.V. requests authorisation to commence proceedings on the merits against the former director [B] and ... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2021:4783, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2021-09-08, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt handyman company POS claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC of the direct director (BV), the indire... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2021:4901, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2021-09-15, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt dairy farm [B.V.] holds director [gedaagde] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the publication and... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2021:1948, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2021-10-05, A former employee of the bankrupt Stichting Weal City holds the sole director personally liable (Section 6:162 DCC) for the non-payment of... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2021:11019, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2021-11-30, Appellant bought a plot of agricultural land from RRE in 2009 with a repurchase obligation. After the turbo-liquidation of RRE, the appellant accuses his lawyer (mr... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:GHARL:2021:11443, Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden, 2021-12-07, A law partnership claims payment of two unpaid invoices (€18,154.28) of the bankrupt Beekman Klinieken B.V. from the former b... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2022:108, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2022-01-12, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of [naam 2], founder and (co-)director of three bankrupt companies (PLG, PLE, PLAO) that ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:541, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-02-16, The trustee in bankruptcy holds four (whether or not indirect) directors of TI-WMC liable for the bankruptcy deficit, submitting that they [ran] TI-WMC... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:12002, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-02-18, Hiltermann Lease claims payment of €7,579.92 from the defendant as former director/liquidator of a dissolved BV that had [concluded] a hire-purchase agreement... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2022:1256, District Court of Gelderland, 2022-03-09, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the indirect director of a bankrupt installation company for breach of ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2022:1461, District Court of Amsterdam, 2022-03-22, The trustee in the bankruptcy of a B.V. petitions for the personal bankruptcy of the former director on the basis of a non-irrevocable j... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2022:863, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2022-03-22, The trustee in bankruptcy of Telerepair Holding B.V. holds the (indirect) directors MTS B.V. and its director liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for m... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:12031, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-04-01, An employee (claimant) claims damages in tort from the indirect director and the direct director (a holding company... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:2679, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-04-13, The trustee in bankruptcy of Tellus B.V. (a lead-generation company that was heavily dependent on Google Ads) holds two former directors liable on the ba... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2022:2529, District Court of Overijssel, 2022-05-18, The trustee in bankruptcy holds the (indirect) directors of a bankrupt B.V. liable for the bankruptcy deficit. The company had received a subsidy... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2022:6605, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2022-05-25, Allianz, insurer of the (indirect) directors of the bankrupt business [onderneming 1], holds trustee in bankruptcy [gedaagde] personally liable for... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2022:1517, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2022-05-31, The trustee in the bankruptcy of Malignum B.V. (formerly Houtsma B.V.) holds the former indirect director [geïntimeerde] liable on the basis... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2022:2769, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2022-06-29, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the former (indirect) director for the bankruptcy deficit of €87,006.52 of a BV of whi... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2022:1319, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2022-07-05, An employee (appellant) claims directors' liability of the de facto policymaker and the formal director of the bankrupt World Energy Serv... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:6628, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-07-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt safe-deposit rental company Safe Deposit claims directors' liability of nine (indirect) directors on the basis of Sect... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2022:2641, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2022-08-09, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt fibre-optic company [X] B.V. holds the (de facto) directors [geïntimeerde 1] and [geïntimeerde 2] liable for the ban... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2022:4771, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2022-08-17, The trustee in bankruptcy claims payment of current-account balances by the holding companies of two directors to the bankrupt management company, as well as directors' li... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2022:1563, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2022-08-30, The trustee in bankruptcy of Glass Engineering International B.V. (formerly Octatube International B.V.) claims directors' liability of two directors f... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2022:7572, District Court of Limburg, 2022-09-28, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:138 DCC (via Sections 2:53a in conjunction with 2:50a DCC) of two directors of a bankrupt cooperativ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:HR:2022:1736, Supreme Court, 2022-11-25, The Supreme Court dismisses the cassation appeal of directors against a judgment of the Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden concerning directors' liability under Section 2:... (Legal issues: B1, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2023:65, District Court of Rotterdam, 2023-01-04, Tur-Ned, a wholesaler in Turkish foodstuffs, claims damages from directors and buyers following the transfer of two supermarket businesses to... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2023:2621, District Court of The Hague, 2023-02-22, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of two indirect directors of a bankrupt dental-practice holding company for the sale of the practice to... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2023:1492, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2023-04-12, The trustee in bankruptcy of three bankrupt legal entities of the Childcare division of Stichting Timpaan Groep claims directors' liability of the St... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2023:2856, District Court of Limburg, 2023-04-26, Execution dispute in preliminary relief proceedings in which a former director of the bankrupt Axenta B.V. seeks suspension of the enforcement of a [judgment] ... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2023:5951, District Court of The Hague, 2023-04-26, A creditor (claimant) of a company dissolved through turbo-liquidation (bedrijf 2) addresses the indirect director (defendant) on various grounds of directors'... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2023:3015, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2023-05-03, The trustee in the bankruptcy of Prima Zorg & Welzijn BV holds the defendant, as a supervisory director, liable for the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of Sect... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2023:3030, District Court of Gelderland, 2023-05-19, Claimants (the De Leigraaf companies and their directors/shareholders) claim from the defendants (DL Agro Logistics and its director/bookkeeper), among other... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2023:1182, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2023-05-24, The trustee in bankruptcy has held Joystar Beheer and its indirect director [appellant 2] liable for the bankruptcy deficit of Stella Gioia B.V. on the basis o... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:2427, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-06-07, Former directors of the bankrupt Werkmakelaar-Oost B.V. claim damages from the trustee in bankruptcy in his capacity and in his personal capacity for conducting a (f... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2023:9486, District Court of The Hague, 2023-07-05, The claimant claims that the director/sole shareholder of a construction company is personally liable (Section 6:162 DCC) for loss caused by the compan... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:2804, District Court of Overijssel, 2023-07-05, The trustee in bankruptcy addresses various (indirect) directors for the bankruptcy deficit of a bankrupt pig farm. The claim against the founder/for... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2023:1314, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2023-07-11, An ex-wife claims that her ex-husband (a DGA) and his BV acted wrongfully by diverting the BV's income stream to a sole proprietorship... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2023:9670, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2023-10-04, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the sole director of shoe importer Wansinger B.V. (formerly Intermedium Shoes) after bankrupt... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2023:9371, District Court of Rotterdam, 2023-10-18, A former director of a bankrupt BV (Malignum) who had earlier successfully defended against a directors' liability claim by... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2023:2178, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2023-11-07, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Tower Services Europe B.V. (TSE) holds the indirect directors liable for manifestly improper management (bre... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2023:21197, District Court of The Hague, 2023-12-13, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt [Bedrijf 1] submits that the defendant must be regarded as a de facto policymaker within the meaning of Section 2:248(7) DCC, altern... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2023:3454, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2023-12-19, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the director of the bankrupt flower-bulb trade [X] B.V. for breach of the records-keeping... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2024:191, District Court of Rotterdam, 2024-01-16, The petitioner petitions for the bankruptcy of a dissolved BV (turbo-liquidation) for an unpaid rent debt of €14,302.20 and submits that there are assets in th... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2024:1448, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2024-02-21, After the death of the director/shareholder, his heirs sell, through his holding company, the shares in a wine trade (business) for €1 to the co-share... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:1048, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-02-28, A former director/shareholder of a bankrupt group of companies claims damages from one of the trustees in bankruptcy, his lawyer and the law firm... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2024:1594, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2024-03-11, In the main proceedings, the trustee in bankruptcy had ordered the management (the [procesdeelnemer I] and [A]) to pay the bankruptcy deficit of a bankrupt pharma... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:2945, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-05-01, Claimants, previously by judgment of 2015 (upheld on appeal in 2018) held jointly and severally liable for manifestly improper management for the bankrupt... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2024:778, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2024-05-14, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Tellus B.V. (an online lead generator) holds the indirect directors liable for manifestly improper management... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2024:1578, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2024-09-17, The court of appeal upholds the judgment in which [appellant], as (indirect and de facto) director of the bankrupt MKB, is held liable for the... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2024:5216, District Court of Overijssel, 2024-10-09, The trustee in bankruptcy submits that the defendants, as (in)direct directors of a bankrupt start-up (a loyalty card), acted too recklessly and with insufficient means... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2024:7331, District Court of Gelderland, 2024-11-06, An owners' association (VvE) addresses its former director on the basis of Section 2:9 DCC (improper performance of duties) and Section 6:162 DCC (tort) for... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2025:1037, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2025-02-14, Preliminary relief proceedings by an ex-couple against the trustee in the bankruptcies of companies of which the husband was a DGA. The claimants wish to compel the trustee to coope... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2025:398, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2025-03-04, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt project company (naam bedrijf B.V.) claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of two directors, because the ... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2025:3216, District Court of Gelderland, 2025-05-07, The trustee in bankruptcy claims from the parent company repayment of zero-balancing transfers in the final weeks before the bankruptcy of two subsi... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2025:1324, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2025-07-08, The court of appeal rejects the request to hear a trustee in bankruptcy in a cross-examination in the context of a provisional examination of witnesses that the trustee had initiated w... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2025:10970, District Court of Rotterdam, 2025-08-29, The claimant claims directors' liability of two directors of a dissolved company (turbo-liquidation) for an unpaid invoice of €1... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2025:12772, District Court of Limburg, 2025-09-03, The trustee in the bankruptcies of two BVs (active in artist management and event organisation, bankrupt since 2013) claims from the indirect... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:5629, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-09-17, The claimant (a printing company) addresses indirect directors for unpaid invoices of three companies that were dissolved through turbo-liquidation... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2025:18732, District Court of The Hague, 2025-09-30, Petitioners petition for the bankruptcy of a BV dissolved by turbo-liquidation, submitting that there are still assets (continued activities, a patent, ... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2025:13220, District Court of Rotterdam, 2025-10-03, Preliminary relief proceedings on the lifting of a prejudgment attachment on a home. The trustee in the bankruptcy of a company annulled the purchase agreement... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2025:12767, District Court of Limburg, 2025-10-29, CoOpera (lessor) claims directors' liability of the director and parent company of the bankrupt Cf Fitness Heerlen for unpaid le... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2025:10880, District Court of Gelderland, 2025-12-03, The trustee in bankruptcy addresses the director (through a holding company) for the deficit in the bankruptcies of two petfood-production companies (bedrijf 1 an... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:HR:2025:1894, Supreme Court, 2025-12-12, Cassation appeal by directors of Roebia Zorg Dienst Verlening B.V. against a judgment of the Court of Appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden concerning directors' liabilit... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2025:15216, District Court of Rotterdam, 2025-12-24, The claimant bought a home from defendant 2, with De Diel B.V. as selling estate agent, and alleges non-conformity due to a mouse infestation, odour and a defectiv... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2025:10650, District Court of Amsterdam, 2025-12-24, The claimant, former director of a bankrupt company [bedrijf], seeks a declaratory judgment that cover exists under the D&O insurance for... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2026:1090, District Court of The Hague, 2026-01-21, Dynatools claims damages from Oranjewoud as former director/shareholder of Delphi Data, submitting that Oranjewoud acted wrongfully... (Legal issues: B1, B8)

Interlocutory judgment (52)

  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2015:1200, District Court of Rotterdam, 2015-02-04, A former director of LSI Project Investment N.V. claims payment of a contractual severance payment of €510,779.20 gross on the basis of his... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2015:2399, District Court of Rotterdam, 2015-03-25, The trustee in bankruptcy of Uitzendbureau Kamer B.V. claims, on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, directors' liability of Seka Holding B.V. (direct director), its... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2015:2964, District Court of Rotterdam, 2015-04-15, The trustee in bankruptcy of GT Personeelsdiensten B.V. (a temporary employment agency, bankrupt on 9 April 2013) claims directors' liability of the defendant on the basis of Section 2... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2015:4087, District Court of Gelderland, 2015-04-15, The trustee in bankruptcy of GGZ Manoto B.V. holds director Viva la Vida (a foundation) and indirect director [gedaagde] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC f... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2015:3301, District Court of Rotterdam, 2015-04-22, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Bell Marketing B.V. seeks a declaratory judgment that arrangements on the payment of an acquisition loan by the target compa... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2015:2805, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2015-06-10, The trustee in the bankruptcies of Stichting Diogenes, Zorghoeve Diogenes B.V. and Diogenes Beheer B.V. (a care institution for the intellectually disabled... (Legal issues: B1, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2015:5187, District Court of Overijssel, 2015-10-14, The trustee in bankruptcy claims annulment of two paulian acts (payment of €4,000 to the director and an insurance payout of €3,000 to the compan... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2015:4964, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2015-10-28, The trustee in bankruptcy of Bouwmarkt Scheemda B.V. holds directors Renneborgh Beheer and [gedaagde 2] liable for withdrawals totalling €193,770 short... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2016:79, District Court of Overijssel, 2016-01-06, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Brava Vastgoed B.V. holds former director/sole shareholder [X] liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for man... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2016:386, District Court of Gelderland, 2016-01-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of Power Job Uitzendorganisatie B.V. holds director defendant liable under Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the bookkeeping obligation (Sect... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNNE:2016:500, District Court of Noord-Nederland, 2016-02-03, The trustee in bankruptcy of Garage Harmeijer B.V. holds directors (HVS, Finlife, defendant 1 and defendant 2) liable under Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly impro... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2016:840, District Court of Overijssel, 2016-02-17, The trustee in bankruptcy of three bankrupt companies (My-Bodyguard B.V., My-Bodyguard Holding B.V. and 3 SP B.V.) holds the directors and their holding compan... (Legal issues: B1, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2016:2080, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2016-04-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Boss Interim B.V. holds the director liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC. In an earlier interlocutory judgment it had been established th... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2016:1967, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2016-04-20, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt snack bar (bankruptcy of 23 April 2013) claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC for breach of the publication obligatio... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2016:4321, District Court of Rotterdam, 2016-06-01, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Inter Confex B.V. holds the defendant (40% shareholder and employee) primarily liable as a de facto policymaker on th... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBGEL:2016:6092, District Court of Gelderland, 2016-08-24, Claimants hold their accountant Accon liable for various shortcomings, including the late filing of income-tax returns, the late filing of annu... (Legal issues: B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2016:17096, District Court of The Hague, 2016-09-21, The trustee in bankruptcy of annuity company Gouden Tromp B.V. holds the sole director/shareholder liable under Section 2:248 DCC (primarily) and Section 2:9 DCC (subsidi... (Legal issues: B1, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2017:2717, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2017-05-31, The claimant (a pension BV) claims from the defendant (director/DGA of a bankrupt construction company) payment of €1,326,214.91 on three grounds: breach of contract... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2018:9, District Court of Noord-Holland, 2018-01-03, De Ridder claims damages from the defendant (son of the director of Burger Beheer) for an alleged role as a de facto policymaker of Burger... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2018:3115, District Court of Midden-Nederland, 2018-07-11, The trustee in bankruptcy of a bankrupt swimming school holds an (alleged) director liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC. The court holds provisionally that... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2018:10855, District Court of Rotterdam, 2018-09-19, The trustee in bankruptcy addresses two former directors on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly improper management. A settlement has been reached with defendant 1... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2020:2393, District Court of Rotterdam, 2020-03-04, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Omega Textielveredeling B.V. claims annulment of three payments (totalling €525,150) to parent company Alpha Behe... (Legal issues: -)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2020:2484, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2020-12-15, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the sole director of the bankrupt CSH Uitzendbureau B.V. for the late public... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:4158, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-04-14, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Farma Cleaning & Services B.V. holds the former director ([bedrijf A]) and indirect director ([persoon A]) liab... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2021:4261, District Court of Limburg, 2021-05-19, The trustee in the bankruptcy of Tuscho B.V. holds the former director liable under Section 2:248 DCC for the bankruptcy deficit for manifestly impro... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:7898, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-07-21, In the bankruptcy of HV Bouw, the trustee in bankruptcy seeks a declaratory judgment that the director is liable on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, an advan... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2021:8045, District Court of Rotterdam, 2021-08-04, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt Optidentaal B.V. claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC (and, subsidiarily, Section 2:9 DCC and tor... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2021:5634, District Court of Amsterdam, 2021-09-22, In the bankruptcy of [eiser] B.V., the trustee in bankruptcy seeks a finding of manifestly improper management under Section 2:248 DCC, payment of the bankruptcy... (Legal issues: B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:5053, District Court of Overijssel, 2021-11-10, The trustee in bankruptcy of [bedrijf 2] had earlier, by judgment of 2 May 2018, established directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC against [partij B]. In this... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:5400, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-06-29, The trustee in bankruptcy of Farma Cleaning & Services B.V. claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC following the transfer of business activities to Pharmac... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:7489, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-08-10, In the bankruptcy of holding company [naam bedrijf01], the trustee in bankruptcy claims in the main proceedings directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2022:7451, District Court of Rotterdam, 2022-08-10, Sign Top claims damages from director/indirect director [gedaagde02] and his holding company [gedaagde01] for unpaid invoices after ... (Legal issues: B2, B3, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2023:4193, District Court of The Hague, 2023-03-15, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt company [bedrijf 1] B.V. submits that the defendant, formally an employee, in reality acted as a de facto policymaker and i... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2023:3023, District Court of Rotterdam, 2023-04-05, The trustee in the bankruptcies of W46NL B.V. and BBS Group B.V. claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, Section 2:9 DCC and Section 6:162 DCC ... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2023:7234, District Court of The Hague, 2023-05-10, The trustee in bankruptcy of nine bankrupt day-nursery companies (the Hermelijntje group) holds the former (de facto) directors liable on the ba... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2023:3170, District Court of Amsterdam, 2023-05-17, In the bankruptcy of [naam vennootschap] B.V., the trustee in bankruptcy claims, on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, directors' liability of the indirect sole dire... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2023:6870, District Court of The Hague, 2023-05-17, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt wholesaler in Asian products [bedrijf 1] B.V. holds two (former) directors liable on the basis of Section 2... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:HR:2023:925, Supreme Court, 2023-06-16, In the bankruptcy of [A] B.V., the trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC, Section 2:9 DCC and Section 6:162 DCC of the indire... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2023:5006, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2023-06-21, In the bankruptcy of Alurol Zuidwest B.V., the trustee in bankruptcy claims, on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC (subsidiarily 2:9 DCC / 6:162 DCC), joint and several liabilit... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2023:4754, District Court of Zeeland-West-Brabant, 2023-07-05, The trustee in bankruptcy of The Flex Company BV claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC and annulment of an asset transfer to a director's compa... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2023:9314, District Court of Rotterdam, 2023-10-04, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt companies Totalsolution B.V. and Totalsolution Elektro Techniek B.V. claims directors' liability on the basis of... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2023:2920, Court of Appeal of The Hague, 2023-10-31, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC of the sole director/shareholder of VRB, who in the three years before the bankruptcy... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:3340, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2024-07-10, The trustee in bankruptcy claims from the sole director/shareholder repayment of €531,346 and payment of the bankruptcy deficit on the basis of Sections 2:9, 6:162 ... (Legal issues: B5, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2024:9811, District Court of Rotterdam, 2024-08-28, The trustee in the bankruptcy of Petroplus International B.V. (oil refining) holds ten former directors and TMF Netherlands B.V. liable... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2024:9428, District Court of Rotterdam, 2024-09-18, The trustee in bankruptcy of the bankrupt G.F. Totaalzorg B.V. claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC, Section 2:9 DCC and Section 6:162 DCC against the direc... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2024:8124, District Court of Limburg, 2024-10-23, Coopera claims damages from a director and shareholder for directors' liability following the bankruptcy of Cf Fitness Heerlen, wher... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:6818, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2024-11-14, Dispute over unpaid invoices (€25,000) for legal assistance provided to a sole proprietorship. The trustee in bankruptcy submits that defendant 1, as a de facto b... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:1962, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-04-02, The trustee in bankruptcy addresses two directors (defendant 1 and 2) and a de facto policymaker (defendant 3) on the basis of Section 2:248 DCC for manifestly imp... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBROT:2025:6120, District Court of Rotterdam, 2025-05-14, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability under Section 2:248 DCC against the defendant as a de facto policymaker of a bankrupt BV, as well as a director disqu... (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2025:6404, District Court of Overijssel, 2025-11-05, In the bankruptcy of [bedrijf] B.V., the trustee in bankruptcy seeks a declaratory judgment that director [gedaagde] performed his duties improperly... (Legal issues: B8)
  • ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2025:7638, District Court of Oost-Brabant, 2025-11-19, The trustee in bankruptcy claims directors' liability of the indirect directors of a bankrupt contracting firm for turnover diverted to private accounts and... (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B8)
  • ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2025:3135, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam, 2025-11-20, Interlocutory judgment in the context of the Natural Persons Debt Restructuring Act (WSNP). Appellant was the indirect director of the [handelsnaam] group and is... (Legal issues: B1)

Addendum: decisions from March to August 2026 (8)

The 485 decisions listed above form the cohort analysed for the article; that cohort runs to 16 March 2026 and remains unchanged. The eight decisions on Section 2:248 DCC below were published after that date and therefore fall outside the analysis and the percentages it reports. They have been read and classified in the same way, so that the overview stays current.

Granted (5)

  1. ECLI:NL:RBROT:2026:6388, District Court of Rotterdam, 2026-03-18. Late filing of the 2020 annual accounts and breach of the record-keeping duty each amount to improper performance of duties. The co-director's plea of exculpation fails: being posted elsewhere and later residing abroad does not relieve him of the duty to keep adequate oversight of his co-director's conduct. Through Section 2:11 DCC, joint and several liability for the estate deficit with an advance of EUR 67,000. (Legal issues: B1, B2, B3, B4)
  2. ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2026:1031, Amsterdam Court of Appeal, 2026-04-14. Restart of fashion chains in which assets and liabilities were kept apart, followed by the bankruptcy of the staffing companies. Breach of the record-keeping duty, and in addition manifestly improper management because funds needed to pay creditors were not collected in time. The lockdown was not the only cause of the bankruptcies. Section 2:11 DCC reaches every indirect director including a Swiss corporate director, but not the natural person behind it; nor was that person a de facto director, though he is liable in tort for breach of the special duty of care from the Comsys judgment. Supplemented by ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2026:1937 (Section 32 DCCP, provisional enforceability). (Legal issues: B1, B2, B6, B7)
  3. ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2026:3787, District Court of Amsterdam, 2026-04-15. The absence of a per-vessel project ledger meant the companies' rights and obligations could not be ascertained, so Section 2:10 DCC was breached. The adjustments to the records, the private withdrawals and the non-arm's-length transactions also amount, in substance, to manifestly improper management. Both directors jointly and severally liable for the estate deficits, with advances of EUR 800,000 and EUR 2,000,000. (Legal issues: B1, B2, B7)
  4. ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2026:4089, District Court of East Brabant, 2026-06-10. The directors did not dispute the improper performance of duties but argued that the prolonged illness of one of them was an external cause of the bankruptcy. That defence fails, as does the alternative plea for mitigation. Full liability for the estate deficit, an advance of EUR 75,000, and a five-year director disqualification for each of them under Section 106a of the Bankruptcy Act. (Legal issues: B1, B3, B5, B6)
  5. ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2026:3457, District Court of Overijssel, 2026-06-17. A care provider where a compliance investigation revealed structural irregularities in the invoicing, including invoices in the names of former employees who knew nothing of them. Liability for all the company's debts, an advance of EUR 1,000,000 and a five-year director disqualification. (Legal issues: B1, B6, B7)

Partly granted (1)

  1. ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2026:5465, District Court of Limburg, 2026-06-10. The trustee's claims are largely dismissed. The Peeters/Gatzen claim does succeed in respect of selective payments to the holding company and to affiliated parties after the reference date: paying affiliated parties selectively, or creditors in which the director has a personal interest, is after that date in principle wrongful towards the general body of creditors, absent justifying circumstances. Award of EUR 15,039.95. (Legal issues: B6, B8)

Dismissed (2)

  1. ECLI:NL:GHARL:2026:1786, Arnhem-Leeuwarden Court of Appeal, 2026-03-24. Dutch law in principle imposes no duty on a director to cease a loss-making business or to file for bankruptcy, and the existence of large and mounting debts does not in itself amount to manifestly improper management. The director moreover did not continue the business unchanged but took measures to turn the tide. In addition, continuing the business within the reference period was not an important cause of the bankruptcy, since on the trustee's own case the company had been in serious difficulty well before then. Judgment set aside and the claims dismissed. (Legal issues: B1, B6)
  2. ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2026:8702, District Court of North Holland, 2026-06-17. The allegations the trustee makes against the former directors do not give rise to directors' liability, and the reliance on the bankruptcy actio pauliana also fails. The trustee is declared inadmissible on one head of claim and ordered to pay the costs of both groups of defendants. (Legal issues: B1, B8)